This dataset contains physiological measurements collected from sand flathead (Platycephalus bassensis) to examine regional differences in thermal performance between Tasmania’s heavily fished southern population and the more lightly fished northern population. Fish were captured from both regions and acclimated for three weeks under common laboratory conditions before measurements were taken. The dataset includes standard metabolic rate (SMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR), and aerobic scope (AS) recorded during acute thermal exposure at 12.5°C, 15°C, and 20°C using intermittent‑flow respirometry. To assess longer‑term thermal tolerance, critical thermal maximum (CTmax) was measured after a 14‑day acclimation to each test temperature. The purpose of the study was to determine whether populations with different histories of fishing pressure exhibit divergent thermal sensitivities and metabolic responses to warming. This information contributes to understanding how exploitation history may influence physiological resilience to climate change in coastal fisheries.

In fishing trials, the short term survival rates for hook caught flathead (Platycephalus bassensis in Tasmania and P. fuscus in Queensland) were examined to determine critical factors affecting post-release survival. Biological information (size) and hooking location/damage were recorded and fish held for several days in aquaria to assess survival rates. In order to relate hooking location and catch rates for a range of hook types (including circle hooks) structured fishing trials and volunteer fishers (using a diary system) provided information on fish size, hook type and hooking location.