The purpose of this study is to evaluate performance of seven different SMB estimates by using GPS vertical deformation timeseries. Data contain the information on elastic displacements at GPS sties in Antarctica from 1979 to 2022, derived from seven SMB products namely RACMO2.4p1 (11 km spatial resolution, monthly temporal resolution), RACMO2.3p2 (27 km, monthly), a downscaled version of RACMO2.3p2 (2 km, monthly), MAR v3.11 (35 km, monthly), GEMB (10 km, monthly), HIRHAM5 (12.5 km, monthly) and MERRA-2 (12.5 km, 5 days). We generated the SMB mass variability time series spanning 1980-2022 by first computing, for each SMB model, the SMB anomalies from the long-term mean SMB computed over 1980-2022. The resulting SMB anomalies were cumulatively summed, detrended, and bilinearly interpolated onto a common regular grid of 2 km resolution. A uniform land mask (Mosaic of Antarctica version 2), defining the extent of the grounded ice sheet (including the offshore islands), was applied to the grid after resampling to the same 2 km resolution. We computed elastic displacements derived from each of these SMB models by converting the detrended SMB mass anomalies at each location and time into arrays of cylinders defined with 1 km radius and a height representing the equivalent ice mass. These arrays were subsequently input into the Regional ElAstic Rebound calculator (REAR, v1.5), adopting the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM) to compute the elastic loading displacements in a centre-of-solid Earth (CE) reference frame at each GPS site location.

In collaboration with the Tasmanian State Emergency Service, water level monitoring instruments were installed to enable the collection of data in four estuaries identified as being vulnerable to coastal and compound flooding: Derwent Estuary, Huon Estuary, Georges Bay, and Macquarie Harbour. These instruments recorded fluctuations in water levels due to the combined influences of tide, river discharge, and weather events. The effects of the January 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai tsunami following a significant submarine volcanic explosion was also recorded in three out of the four estuaries. The datasets, comprising reduced water level observations, predicted water level, and residuals, are available from the IMAS Data Portal. Water level observations of varying duration were recorded between November 2020 – November 2022 for 14 sites in four Tasmanian estuaries. This work was undertaken by Karen Palmer as part of a PhD candidature at the University of Tasmania under the supervision of Dr Christopher Watson, Dr John Hunter, Assoc Prof Hannah Power (University of Newcastle), and Dr Rebecca Harris.