• IMAS Metadata Catalogue
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IN2023_V07 Inter-calibrated multi-platform oceanographic observations from the FOCUS/SWOT-ACC voyage, Southern Ocean, 2023–2024

This dataset provides a harmonised, inter-calibrated collection of multi-platform oceanographic observations acquired during the FOCUS/SWOT-ACC voyage (IN2023_V07) in the Southern Ocean during 2023–2024. Observations were collected in the vicinity of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current Polar Front and its standing meander downstream of the Southeast Indian Ridge using multiple observing platforms, including ship-based CTD casts, Triaxus surveys, autonomous gliders, EM-APEX profiling floats and BGC-Argo floats.

The source datasets had previously undergone platform-specific processing and initial quality control by the relevant data providers. An additional cross-platform consistency assessment and inter-calibration was subsequently undertaken to improve comparability among the observing systems. Temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were evaluated using overlapping or closely matched observations, with systematic offsets assessed relative to instrument accuracy, the variability of the observed differences, and the persistence of offset sign. Corrections were applied where the observed differences were considered sufficiently systematic and robust.

The resulting data product contains the processed and inter-calibrated observations in NetCDF format and is intended to provide a consistent, analysis-ready dataset for multi-platform studies of hydrographic structure, water-mass variability and frontal processes in the Polar Front region. The original source datasets remain available through their respective institutional and community repositories. Documentation accompanying this dataset describes the source data, inter-calibration methodology, applied corrections, data provenance and relevant limitations.

Simple

Identification info

Date (Publication)
2026-10-28T00:00:00

Identifier

Title
Information and documentation - Digital object identifier system
Citation identifier
ISO 26324:2012

Code
10.25959/hnk0-7x89
Codespace
doi.org
Description
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Principal investigator

Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies - Sheng, Senming
University of Tasmania
ROR ID >

ORCID >

Author

Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies - Foppert, Annie
University of Tasmania
ROR ID >

ORCID >

Author

Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies - Phillips, Helen
University of Tasmania
ROR ID >

ORCID >

Author

CSIRO Environment - Rintoul, Steve
ROR ID >

ORCID >

Collaborator

California Institute of Technology - Thompson, Andrew
ROR ID >

ORCID >

Collaborator

Georgia Institute of Technology - Dove, Lilian
ROR ID >

ORCID >

Collaborator

CSIRO Environment - Legresy, Benoit
ROR ID >

ORCID >

Status
Completed

Point of contact

Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies - Sheng, Senming
University of Tasmania
Tasmania
Australia
ROR ID >

ORCID >

Topic category
  • Oceans

Extent

N
S
E
W


Temporal extent

Time period
2023-11-16 2024-03-25

Vertical element

Minimum value
0
Maximum value
3948.39
Identifier
EPSG::5715
Name
MSL depth
Maintenance and update frequency
Not planned
Keywords (Theme)
  • inter-calibration
  • multi-platform observations
  • Polar Front
  • physical oceanography
Global Change Master Directory Earth Science Keywords, Version 8.5
  • OCEANS
  • FRONTS
  • EDDIES
  • WATER MASSES
  • OXYGEN
  • OCEAN TEMPERATURE
  • SALINITY/DENSITY
Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification (ANZSRC): Fields of Research
  • Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
  • Physical Oceanography

Resource constraints

Linkage
https://licensebuttons.net/l/by/4.0/88x31.png

License Graphic

Title
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Alternate title
CC-BY
Edition
4.0


>

Website
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

License Text

Other constraints
Cite data as: Sheng, S., Foppert, A., Phillips, H., Rintoul, S., Thompson, A., Dove, L., & legresy, benoit. (2026). IN2023_V07 Inter-calibrated multi-platform oceanographic observations from the FOCUS/SWOT-ACC voyage, Southern Ocean, 2023–2024 [Dataset]. Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies. https://doi.org/10.25959/HNK0-7X89
Use limitation
Data, products and services from IMAS are provided "as is" without any warranty as to fitness for a particular purpose.
Language
English
Character encoding
UTF8

Content Information

Content type
Physical measurement

Identifier

Code
Temperature of the water body
Identifier
http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P06/current/UPAA
Name
Degrees Celsius

Identifier

Code
Practical salinity of the water body
Identifier
http://vocab.aodn.org.au/def/unitsofmeasure/entity/481
Name
Practical Salinity Unit

Identifier

Code
Concentration of oxygen {O2} per unit mass of the water body
Identifier
http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P06/current/KGUM
Name
Micromoles per kilogram

Identifier

Code
Concentration of oxygen {O2} per unit volume of the water body
Identifier
http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P06/current/UPOX
Name
Micromoles per litre

Identifier

Code
Pressure (measured variable) in the water body exerted by overlying sea water and any medium above it
Identifier
http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P06/current/UPDB
Name
Decibars

Distribution Information

Distribution format
  • NetCDF

OnLine resource
RV Investigator voyage IN2023_V07 / Marine National Facility voyage page

OnLine resource
Original RV Investigator Voyage IN2023_V07 CTD Data

OnLine resource
Original RV Investigator Voyage IN2023_V07 Triaxus (Undulating CTD) Data

OnLine resource
Original RV Investigator Voyage BGC Argo Float Data

OnLine resource
Original RV Investigator Voyage IN2023_V07 EM-APEX Profiling Floats Data

OnLine resource
Original RV Investigator Voyage IN2023_V07 SeaGlider Data

OnLine resource
DATA ACCESS - NetCDF files, calibration information and collated data from voyages (980MB .zip)

Resource lineage

Statement
Multi-platform hydrographic and biogeochemical observations were collected as part of the FOCUS/SWOT-ACC observing program in the Southern Ocean, including observations associated with RV Investigator voyage IN2023_V07. The observing system comprised ship-based CTD casts, towed Triaxus surveys, autonomous Seagliders, EM-APEX profiling floats and BGC-Argo profiling floats. The source datasets underwent platform-specific processing and initial quality control prior to the additional cross-platform inter-calibration undertaken for this data product. Ship-based CTD observations were collected using a Sea-Bird SBE9+V2 CTD system (CSIRO CTD unit #24, S/N 1332) equipped with duplicate SBE3plus temperature sensors, SBE4C conductivity sensors and SBE43 dissolved oxygen sensors, mounted on a Sea-Bird SBE32 36 × 12-L bottle rosette. A total of 111 CTD deployments were conducted. Raw measurements were converted to scientific units and processed using CSIRO procedures, including automated spike and out-of-range detection, pressure-offset assessment, conductivity lag and thermal-inertia corrections, and calibration of conductivity and dissolved oxygen measurements against discrete bottle samples. The standard published CTD product consists of calibrated 1-dbar binned profiles derived from the primary sensors. Triaxus observations were collected using MacArtney Triaxus hull 002 (S/N S1511990), equipped with a Sea-Bird SBE9plus V2 CTD and duplicate SBE3plus temperature, SBE4C conductivity and SBE43 dissolved oxygen sensors. Five tows were conducted, generally at approximately 5–7 knots. Only sections with regular vertical undulation were retained for the processed product. Processing included conversion to calibrated units, spike and range screening, assessment of pressure offsets, conductivity lag and thermal-inertia corrections, and comparison of primary and secondary sensors. Processed observations were binned primarily at 1-dbar resolution, and synthetic vertical profiles were generated from successive undulations. Autonomous glider observations were collected using Seagliders SG659 and SG681. Both vehicles carried an unpumped Sea-Bird SBE41 conductivity-temperature sensor and an Aanderaa dissolved oxygen optode, together with Wetlabs backscatter/fluorescence sensors; SG681 additionally carried a SAT1000 sensor. The original Seaglider processing included quality-control procedures for temperature and conductivity spikes, conductivity anomalies, low-flow conditions and thermal-inertia effects, with QC information propagated to derived salinity and dissolved oxygen variables. EM-APEX observations were obtained from two Electromagnetic Autonomous Profiling Explorer (EM-APEX) floats, hull numbers f10331 and f10317. Measurements from these floats were incorporated into the present multi-platform data product. BGC-Argo observations were obtained from two NKE PROVOR_III profiling floats, WMO 5905555 and 5905556, deployed from RV Investigator in November 2023. The floats were equipped to measure pressure, temperature, conductivity and dissolved oxygen, together with optical and biogeochemical variables including optical backscatter, chlorophyll fluorescence and radiometric measurements. For the present data product, the source datasets were brought into a common analysis framework and subjected to an additional cross-platform consistency assessment and inter-calibration. Temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were compared using overlapping or closely matched observations. Systematic offsets were assessed with consideration of instrument accuracy, the mean and variability of inter-platform differences, and the persistence of offset sign. Corrections were applied only where the detected offsets were considered systematic and sufficiently robust. The resulting files provide harmonised, inter-calibrated multi-platform observations for subsequent analysis. Further details of the cross-platform inter-calibration methodology, applied corrections, validation procedures and associated uncertainties are provided in the accompanying FOCUS/SWOT-ACC Data Processing and Intercalibration Report.
Hierarchy level
Dataset
Hierarchy level
Dataset

Platform

Identifier

Code
Investigator

Instrument

Identifier

Code
Sea-Bird SBE 911plus CTD

Metadata

Metadata identifier
urn:uuid/0cfa5df4-4383-4a4a-8e05-1ba04bf591c6

Language
English
Character encoding
UTF8

Distributor

Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies - IMAS Data Manager
IMAS website >

Type of resource

Resource scope
Dataset
Name
IMAS Dataset level record
Metadata linkage
https://metadata.imas.utas.edu.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/0cfa5df4-4383-4a4a-8e05-1ba04bf591c6

Point of truth URL of this metadata record

Date info (Creation)
2026-10-05T00:00:00
Date info (Revision)
2026-11-09T19:10:49

Metadata standard

Title
ISO 19115-3:2018
 
 

Overviews

Spatial extent

N
S
E
W


Keywords

Polar Front inter-calibration multi-platform observations physical oceanography
Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification (ANZSRC): Fields of Research
Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified Physical Oceanography
Global Change Master Directory Earth Science Keywords, Version 8.5
EDDIES FRONTS OCEAN TEMPERATURE OCEANS OXYGEN SALINITY/DENSITY WATER MASSES

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Associated resources

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